"When the wind blows over the grass, the field is like a lake with ripples. When the wind blows over the wheat seedlings, the field is like a sea, creating layers of waves. This is called the dance of the wind. . Please listen to the story it tells..."

 

Hundreds of years ago, a Danish writer took advantage of "wind" to write "Andersen's Fairy Tales", showing a "fairy tale kingdom" to the world. Today, the Danes tell the world about the birth of a "wind power kingdom" through the same word of "wind". The successful "Danish Wind Power Case" has become a leader in the global wind power industry, winning the title of "Global Climate Leader" for this small Nordic country.

 

In today's Denmark, wind power accounts for more than 20% of all electricity consumption, ranking the highest in the world. Ms. Connie Hedegaard, Minister of Climate and Energy of Denmark, once proudly declared: "The Danish wind power case" is worthy of reference by all countries. Likewise, China is no exception.

 

The development of wind power in Denmark

 

Financial subsidies make wind power rise rapidly

 

Before the 1970s, Denmark was suffering from energy dependence on the outside world, and 99% of its energy consumption was dependent on imports. In fact, this is not a country with an inherent advantage in the development of clean energy - its hydropower, solar and geothermal resources are not rich, and nuclear power cannot be developed under the opposition of the people.

 

Just 20 years later, Denmark's energy self-sufficiency rate reached 100% for the first time, and since then began a trend of energy oversupply. Data from the Global Wind Energy Council shows that in 2013, Denmark's newly installed wind power capacity was 657 MW, and the cumulative installed wind power capacity has reached 4,772 MW. First in Europe.

 

Industry experts believe that all of this is the world's most ambitious plan to support renewable energy development designed by the Danish government in the past 20 years - and the fundamental is to use financial subsidies as market power to make new energy technologies (especially wind power) enjoys an advantageous position far exceeding the market price.

 

The early financial support for the wind power industry included installation funds and electricity price subsidies; later, fixed on-grid electricity prices and price difference subsidies were used as the main support means. Although it is carried out in the form of project bidding, Danish offshore wind power is even more subsidized. In addition to enjoying the same subsidies as onshore wind turbines, offshore wind power also enjoys a higher feed-in tariff.

 

In addition to this, the Danish government levies taxes on fossil energy sources such as oil and coal, and taxes on carbon dioxide emissions, but wind power as a renewable energy source—including wind turbine manufacturers and wind farm owners—not only does not tax, but instead gives Financial subsidies, which has prompted the rapid development of wind power in Denmark.

 

Guarantee wind power grid

 

In addition to various subsidies, the Danish government is also inclined to eliminate barriers to entry into the wind power market, requiring that new energy sources, including wind power, must be given priority to the grid.

 

According to recent reports from foreign media, Denmark will completely stop coal by 2025, and instead increase the use of clean energy in the form of wind power to bicycle power generation. Denmark's climate ministry said it had submitted proposals to bring forward the country's plan to completely phase out coal from 2030 to 2025. At present, Denmark has developed a unified planning and support plan for its future energy system.

 

With the help of the good regulation performance of the hydroelectric units in neighboring countries

 

The Danish grid is interconnected with the European grid and balances supply and demand through electricity trading. When the local wind power is rich, the wind power is exported to the surrounding countries, and when the local wind power output is small, it needs to import electricity. Relying on the large power market in Europe and the good regulation performance of hydropower units in neighboring countries such as Norway is one of the important conditions for Denmark to achieve a high proportion of wind power consumption. The transmission capacity between Denmark and the grids of Norway, Sweden and Germany reached 6.28 million kW, which was 1.02 times the maximum electricity load in 2013 and 1.32 times the installed capacity of wind power. Therefore, the Danish power grid has the capacity to absorb large-scale wind power. condition.

 

Adjust the power generation of other power sources

 

Grid Corporation of Denmark is the Danish transmission system operator and is responsible for managing the daily supply and demand balance of electricity, increasing or decreasing electricity production through transactions with large power plants, local cogeneration plants and even foreign transmission system operators. In an emergency, the Danish grid company can request the shutdown of other power sources, and even in rare cases, the shutdown of the fans.

 

At the same time, in order to connect wind power to the grid and ensure good grid operation, good grid and wind farm construction planning, accurate wind power forecast, sufficient backup power supply and a benign power market are needed when there is no wind. And Denmark also achieved 28% of wind power through these means.

 

China's largest wind power industry is difficult to make profits

 

Although wind power has been entrusted with the banner of another energy revolution, the development of new energy represented by it has not been smooth sailing. McGard, chairman of the World Renewable Energy Association, said that due to various factors, the total installed capacity of wind power in the world in 2012 was 45GW, the first decline in the global annual wind power market in 18 years. At present, this trend has not fundamentally changed.

 

Wind energy and solar energy are known as the cheapest electricity. The development of wind power industry is a historical necessity. Shi Pengfei, honorary director of the Wind Energy Professional Committee of the China Renewable Energy Society, said that as of 2013, my country's wind power grid-connected capacity was 77 million kilowatts, and its hoisting capacity exceeded 90 million kilowatts, making it the world's largest wind power country. The proportion of wind power generation has surpassed nuclear power for two consecutive years, becoming the third largest power source.

 

Today, my country has raised the new energy revolution to a height that is related to the future of the country, and wind energy has been positioned as an important strategic emerging industry. However, the development of wind power industry also faces various challenges. Ni Weidou, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and president of the China Energy Society, pointed out that a prominent problem is the curtailment of wind power and electricity curtailment. In 2012 alone, 200 billion kWh of power was wasted and the economic loss exceeded 10 billion. At the same time, as an important new high-tech industry, my country ranks first in the world in terms of total design and manufacturing of wind power equipment and operation scale, but its commercial potential has not been tapped, and about half of wind power plants are not profitable.

 

Denmark has always divided the three links of power generation, transmission and sales, but closely aligned, making upstream power generation companies and downstream power sales companies the main body of market-oriented competition, and the power dispatch center is placed under the government and is not for profit. State Grid Corporation of China management. It is true that this move also makes the strategy of "prioritizing grid connection" for green power such as wind power into practice.

 

In contrast, China's wind power development is currently mainly driven by state-owned groups, and the power reform is in a new round of reform. Although China started the power system reform marked by the separation of factories and grids as early as five years ago, the road to marketization of power has been hindered by the power grid, and the power monopoly system represented by interest groups has not yet been broken. Han Xiaoping, CIO of China Energy Network, said, "The development of new energy must fully introduce market competition, and breaking the monopoly will definitely be the meaning of the power reform."

 

Denmark has always divided the three links of power generation, transmission and sales, but closely aligned, making upstream power generation companies and downstream power sales companies the main body of market-oriented competition, and the power dispatch center is placed under the government and is not for profit. State Grid Corporation of China management. It is true that this move also makes the strategy of "prioritizing grid connection" for green power such as wind power into practice.

 

In contrast, China's wind power development is currently mainly driven by state-owned groups, and the power reform is in a new round of reform. Although China started the power system reform marked by the separation of factories and grids as early as five years ago, the road to marketization of power has been hindered by the power grid, and the power monopoly system represented by interest groups has not yet been broken. Han Xiaoping, CIO of China Energy Network, said, "The development of new energy must fully introduce market competition, and breaking the monopoly will definitely be the meaning of the power reform."